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RedhatEnterpriseLinux Blog
How to Listing USB Devices
Because USB devices are connected to a separate controller, a different command,
lsusb, must be used to list them.
The lsusb utility is provided by the usbutils package.
Install this package via Red Hat Network.
If executed without arguments, the lsusb command displays each USB bus and any
devices attached to them on a separate
line as shown.
USB Device List
Bus 002 Device 001: ID 0000:0000
Bus 003 Device 001: ID 0000:0000
Bus 004 Device 001: ID 0000:0000
Bus 005 Device 001: ID 0000:0000
How to Listing PCI Devices
Many devices such as network
and video cards are attached to the PCI bus. It is important that the operating system load the correct driver for each device so that the proper device settings are configured. For example, if your server contains
a Gigabit network card
connected to a Gigabit network
switch, you can use a few simple Linux utilities
to verify and, if necessary,
change the transfer
rate of the NIC.
To list all the PCI buses on the system and all the devices attached to them, use the lspci utility from the pciutils package. Install this package via Red Hat Network.
How to Query RPM Package Files
You now know that an RPM database on the system keeps track of which files are associated with each RPM installed, but how do you know which files are associated with which RPM packages? You can query the RPM database and find out with the following command:
rpm -qf <filename>
The <filename> must be the full path to the file. If the file is associated with an RPM package installed, the name of the package and the version installed is displayed. For example, if the
rpm -qf /etc/crontab command is issued, the output is crontabs <version>-<release>,
where <version>-<release> is the version
and release of the
crontabs package installed.
How to Verifying RPM/ Software Files
What if you want to verify that the files associated
with a package haven’t been corrupted
or compromised? For example, if you suspect
your system has been accessed
by a non-authorized user, you can verify that the files from a package have not been changed with the RPM verify feature. Of course, if the unauthorized user altered the RPM database,
the results may not be accurate. It is always best to back up to a known secure state of the file system if you suspect foul play.
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